Financial Data Analysis - 838 Words

Financial Data Analysis Tracey White HCS/577 April 15, 2013 David Mier Financial Data Analysis In addition to delivering health care of the highest quality, another main goal of a health care organization is to remain profitable and viable through effective financial management. In an effort to do so, members of administration along with the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) work diligently in attempting to maintain and sustain a successful health care organization by monitoring the flow of cash (in and out) in accordance to GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles), while ensuring the needs and wants of the consumers are met. With this being the case, health care accounting skills are equally important in†¦show more content†¦When figured, 48% of revenue was spent on salaries and benefits in 2009 compared to 51% in 2008. The other significant change in depreciation of expenses resulted in a 69% increase from 2008 and 2009. Last but not least, although the net income is still in the negative, improvement is obvious and the facility is looking to recover in 2 010. In review of the balance sheet, appears a significant difference in liabilities and equity. Shown is a drastic increase (248%) in long term debt. The possible explanation for this change may have been the result of the hospital acquiring a loan for a new treatment center on campus (property, plant and equipment). With this being the case, explains the increase in inventories that are up 118% from 2008 to 2009. Again, financial statements are effective tools in helping organizations determine their financial positions in the health care industry. The use of balance statements help determine the amount of assets, liabilities, and equity over long term, while statements of revenue and expenses provides an overview of profits minus expenses short term. In the case of Patton Fuller Community Hospital, per the admission of the CEO, the facility suffered a financial loss; however, with patient net revenue up, they expect future financial statements to show a continued profitableShow MoreRelatedFinancial Data Analysis1778 Words   |  8 PagesRunning Head: FINANCIAL DATA Financial Data Analysis Wanda Douglas Financial Management In Health Care /HCS 577 April 02, 2012 Tricia Jenkins Financial Data Analysis Since 1975, Patton Fuller Community Hospital (PFCH) has been serving the people of the Kelsey and the surrounding communities. PFCH is a for-profit organization and is owned by physician active within the facility. Owned by the physicians active at the hospital, the organization is governedRead MoreFinancial Data Analysis Essay755 Words   |  4 PagesFinancial Data Analysis Daphnnee Johnson HCS 577 March 18, 2013 Sharon Gomes-Sanders Financial Data Analysis After reviewing the balance sheet for Patton-Fuller Hospital for 2008 and 2009, there are significant differences that are noticeable. The retained earnings (or Net Worth or Unrestricted Fund Balance) drastically decreased from 2008 to 2009 (Apollo Group, 2006). The dollar amountRead More Financial Manager Career Data Analysis Essay588 Words   |  3 Pages As the economy expands and employment opportunities increase, the need for workers with financial expertise will go up. I will enter the workforce at an excellent time to pursue a career as a financial manager. The information I have acquired concerning this field including opportunities, salary, and working conditions will justify my decision to obtain a position as a financial manager for a major corporation. The opportunities available to someone with a degree in finance are limited to only aRead MoreData Analysis : A Critical Analysis Of The 2008 Financial Crisis1054 Words   |  5 Pagesascertained. In addition, although all crisis has similar characteristics, they are actually different in nature. Thus, generalisation may not be possible based on this research in terms of either past or future financial crisis. Especially as this study only considered the 2008 financial crisis in its data analyses. Hence, this study has some limitations in spite of the contribution it makes. The first limitation is that as with other studies, this study suffers from subjectivity. This study defines the variablesRead MoreAnalysis And Disclosures Of A Company s Financial Data941 Words   |  4 Pagesthe accounting profession, one of the major issues that requires full attention, is ethical issues. Ethics in accounting and auditing consist of making sound moral decisions regarding the preparation, pres entation and disclosures of a company s financial data (Freedman, 2016). Conducting an ethical audit is of superior importance and occasionally an ethical dilemma will occur. Such as the following example of Barbara Montgomery in her first year as an auditor for Coopers and Rose. Cooper and RoseRead MoreLong Distance Information Delivery1695 Words   |  7 Pagespermanent paradigm shift in the way we communicate. But the biggest challenge for market participants that seek to glean actionable information from social media is filtering through the â€Å"noise†. 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Jones Apparel Group (JNY) and Liz Claiborne (LIZ) are the industry leaders in the manufacturing of better clothing, footwear, fragrances, and costume jewelry, and the subjectRead MoreProject Deliverable 1: Project Plan Inception Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesInternet based company with the gross revenues of more than $35 million dollars per year. We are planning to merge with multinational company of equal size. Our company currently uses operational systems and relational databases but desire to expand into data warehousing. We will be integrating different technologies from different solution providers and incorporate industry best practices in connection with the development of technological system . Internet-based industry is a growing industry with mostRead MoreIntroduction. Big Data Is One Of The Most Discussed Concepts1506 Words   |  7 Pages Big Data is one of the most discussed concepts in the business world today. The concept of Big Data is one that has been increasingly debated over the past few years by many different kinds of business industries. One industry where this discussion is prominent is the accounting profession. Big Data will be defined more in-depth later on, but in shorter terms, Big Data refers to the exponential sum of data available in our world today. This amount of data is beyond the traditional analysis thatRead MoreTraining Process in Sas1207 Words   |  5 Pagesdemonstrations, hands-on computer workshops, and course notes that result in the best learning experience possible. In addition, we will provide a copy of the course notes to each attendee. Data Manager * SAS Programming Introduction: Basic Concepts INTRO * SAS Programming 1: Essentials PRG1 * SAS Programming 2: Data Manipulation Techniques PRG2 * SAS Programming 3: Advanced Techniques and Efficiencies PRG3 * Querying and Reporting Using SAS Enterprise Guide EGQR4 * SAS Programming

Human Resource Management The Effective Methodology Of...

There are two topics I would like to place emphasis in perception. The first topic is Human Resource Management: The effective Methodology of Managing Human Capital. The second topic is The Constraint of Women in Leadership Roles. The demand of a transforming world influences roles in human resource management and women occupying leadership position. Both topics depth with challenges that produce opportunities to structure organizations future. In order to sustain the advancement of the United States economy, organizations need restructure the way its Human Resource administrate. In addition, the two topics utilize the human resource process which filter potential candidates that meet the prerequisites job analysis. If business entities are more involve within the branding process the organization will benefit as a whole. The purpose of the first literature review is to illustrate the importance of face-to-face strategies back into organizations policies which improve the quality of the recruitment, the level of training, and the marginal retention rate decreasing. However, the review will not address why corporations divert jobs international to reduce the operation and financial cost. The purpose of the second literature review demonstrate the conflict women encounter while employed in leadership position. Therefore, it will not put emphasis on the leadership style between women and men. Let’s take a broader observation at the first topic. Large corporations have beenShow MoreRelatedSoft Thinking and Intellectual Capital3247 Words   |  13 PagesProcurement Management STRATEGY AS PRACTICE Soft Systems Thinking and Intellectual Capital Assignment 1 *Student No: *08193738 Assignment Date: 5 April 2009 *Submission Date:* 15 May 2009 Module Lecturer: Paul Davis Word Count:* * *2,* 600 Critically evaluate the role that Soft Systems thinking can play in promoting organisations Intellectual Capital. To evaluate the benefits of Soft Systems Thinking (SST) in promoting an organisational intellectual capital it is necessaryRead MoreCritically Evaluate The Business Risk Audit Methodology1446 Words   |  6 Pages Q1. Critically evaluate the business risk audit methodology. (585 Words) Business risk audit methodology (141 Words) A risk-based audit methodology is designed to be used throughout the audit to efficiently and effectively focus the nature, timing and extent of audit procedures to those areas that have the most potential for causing material misstatements in the financial report. ASA 315 Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement through Understanding the Entity and its EnvironmentRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management Essay1117 Words   |  5 Pages Section One Strategic human resource management (SHRM) is a tactical method for the management of an organisation’s human resource function in line with organisational goals and objectives. SHRM enhances these functions by linking the traditional human resource practices to business strategy and the realization of organisational goals in order to enable the organisation to achieve a competitive advantage. Importance of SHRM in Organisations According to Wei (2006), properly designed and executedRead MoreSoft Systems Thinking, Intellectual Capital Social Capital3333 Words   |  14 PagesSoft System Methodology (SSM) was developed as methodology by Peter Checkland and his colleagues working at Lancaster University and Open University in the 1970s. The idea of the SSM is to understand, identify and solve the real world problems. This paper will start with the history of SSM and its definition. Then it describes the SSM methodology with a practical case study from the real world. The author will look into the main features and benefits SSM. Afterwards the author will present the relationshipRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Employee Motivation955 Words   |  4 Pages1.1 Background of the study In the contemporary business development, it is essential to manage not only the external resources but also the internal resources, such as human resources (Flamholtz, 2012). 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Netflix Environmenta and Improving

Question: Discuss about the Netflix Environmenta and Improving. Answer: Introduction Netflix Was founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on august 29, 1997 (Eesley and Miller 2012). It is an American multinational entertainment company Netflix is the worlds leading internet television network in more than 190 countries (Fernndez-Manzano et al. 2016). It provides streaming media and video on demand online and DVD by mail. Films and television programmes are also included in Netflix in the year 2013. The headquarters of the company are in Los Gatos, California. At first it grew as DVD by mail service and in the year 2007 it spread its business to streaming media (Hallinan and Striphas 2016). In 2013 it entered in the production business. Its first series was Houses of cards (Jenner 2016). In 2016 it has released 126 original series or films, which are more than any other network and cable channel (Sharma 2016). History of Netflix It was founded in Scotts Valley, California in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph, they both were employee of Pure Software (Lsted 2012). Randolph was the co-founder of MicroWarehouse (Voigt et al. 2017). Hastings was a former math teacher who founded pure software, at present its selling price is $700 million. At starting Hastings invested $2.5 million in Netflix. At the initial stage Randolph had the idea of an online business but the object was not decided. After they had grown the idea of the business and ran it spontaneously. They launched Netflix on 14th April, 1998 with 30 employees and 925 works (McCord 2014). In 1999 Netflix brought the monthly subscription concept. Initial Public Offering (IPO) was initiated by Netflix on May 29, 2002, they sold 5.5 million shares, and the price of per share was US$15.00. On June 14 Netflix also sold 825,000 shares of common stock at the same price. In 2002 The New York Time published that Netflix mailed 190,000 discs per day to the mo nthly subscribers. In 2011 it had over 23million subscribers in the United States and 26 million throughout the world. Netflix and technological changes At first the company was started as DVD service by mail and the business was running successfully. But due the changes of technology the business of the company was also changed and now the movies and the TV serials are available online in Netflix. In 2005 Netflix had a library of 35,000 films and that time over one million DVDs were being shifted per day. In 2007 over two billion DVDs were being delivers to the customers and the company moved their business from DVD by mail to streaming. First Netflix content had been made, House of Cards and debuted on 2011. Apart from this Stranger Things, Sense8, Orange is the New Black these were critically and commercially loved. All the movies and TV shows are available on pc, laptops, tablets and mobiles. Through Netflix app on mobile people can enjoy their favour movies at any time anywhere at low subscription rate. People also can get Netflix services on many smart TVs, PlayStation 4 and X-box one (Jain and Shanbhag 2012). Only .5 megabits speed of internet is needed to use Netflix services and 3.0 MPS speed is required for HD quality streaming (Adhikari et al. 2012). People can enjoy Netflix services by using broadband connection or mobile internet spontaneously. Online Netflix Netflix is the worlds leading online TV and Movies service network. Now a days all the people are busy with their fast growing life, so it is not possible to watch favourite TV shows on TV at the time of broadcast and also cant watch movies at theatres. Netflix provides these TV shows and movies online at a very low subscription cost per month. In 2013 DreamWorks animation and Netflix produced a television series Turbo Fast which was based on the movie Turbo. Apart from this Netflix has broadcasted many other animated shows like All Hail King Julien, Sherman Show, Dawn of the Croods, Voltron: Legendary Defender, Kulipari: An Army of Frogs. On March 7, 2014 the Star Wars series was released on Netflix. In April 2016 Marvel Cinematic Universe included more 13 episodes of Punisher which were broadcasted through Netflix. So it is seen clearly that all the popular programmes are being broadcasted online through Netflix. The company has started to expand its original content. Many science fiction and Supernatural programmes, dramas have been made in 2016. The music driven drama The Get Down has been made in august, 2016. Netflix was decided to release 126 original series and films in the year 2016. Some comedy shows such as Love, Flaked, The Ranch, and Netflix Presents: The Characters and Lady Dynamite have been released in 2016. Pricing strategy Netflix announced that they separated their streaming video subscription service from the DVD by mail service. Streaming is the default for the new customers and the DVD by mail service is optional. So the price of subscription has increased for the DVD and streaming combined service. Through this increased price they are showing that they are not focusing on the DVD by mail service and they are trying to drive the customers away from the offering. Netflix entered in the market with a product DVD by mail service and with a very innovative pricing strategy which was based on a flat subscription fees instead of a high pricing. But they named the company Netflix not Mailflix because they were always trying to build internet based online video service. At the time of starting the technology to build online streaming service was available in US such as, broadband, fast enough video codes, high bandwidth content delivery networks etc. Netflix uses smart pricing strategy to attract the cust omers spontaneously (Niu et al. 2012). At first the streaming service was offered as an option and there was not any extra charges for that, when a customer had subscribed the DVD by mail service then the customer got streaming service at free of cost. That offer was very much attractive to the customers and later on they moved their business to streaming service. People were started to get Netflix video service on their big screen television and also on their computers. By increasing the price Netflix tries to segment the customers, due to this some of the customers are willing to leave the video service and subscribe only the streaming service but some of the customers are still willing to watch movies on DVD so they subscribe both the streaming and DVD by mail services. Netflix has got a spontaneous price based response. Now a days the streaming video service is available on mobile and tablets and the customers are enjoying their favourite movies whenever they want. When the main business is shifted from DVD by main to streaming service Netflix occasionally offers some DVD by mail to the customers with online video subscription which is very much helpful to manage the objections. Innovations Netflix has split the DVD by mail business from the streaming business. The DVD business is now known as Qwikster and the streaming business is running under the brand Netflix. It is Clayton M. Christensens innovators dilemma embodied and Netflix is trying to solve it publicly. In the year 2011 Netflix had done a bold move, it increased the price up to 60%. According to Hastings It is possible we are moving too fast it is hard to say. The media content and distribution business is facing an onerous flus, the technology is changing day by day and it is difficult to predict the market. Now Netflix are giving more focus on increase the talent density than the business complexity. They are caring about performance, so the customers can get best service and they can survive their business successfully with the changing environment. Netflix is following a simple note Sometimes long-term simplicity is achieved only through bursts of complexity to rework current systems. They are focusing o nly on the streaming service. Netflix is also focusing on rapid recovery, that means whenever the problem occurs that should be solved as fast as possible. It is a creative-inventive market not a safety-critical market, thats why the company should prepare always to face the difficulties of the changing environment. After the year 2000 the business environment of the world has been changing very rapidly and Netflix has managed their business very spontaneously with the changing environment. But the splitting of DVD by mail service and the streaming service is a bold move. Due to this bold move Netflix probably makes upset some of the customers and it is possible that few customers will leave, but it is a long term endgame which has been played by Netflix. Strategy PESTEL analysis PESTEL analysis is the best way to review the factors which can influence the business positively or negatively (Yksel 2012). Political factors: A companys business operation is depending on the rules and regulations of the governments and also depending on the mentality of an individual politician. Analysis the political factors will be helpful for Netflix to know clearly that how the increase of revenue will affect the tax liability. A review on political factors can help Netflix to take a successful entry in a new market (Ojer and Capap 2013). Economic factors: Consumer income, spending rates, interest rate and inflation all the factors are included with the economic factors. So a complete review on economic factors will help Netflix to satisfy the employees and the customers (Chen et al. 2012). Social factors: The social aspects of the PESTEL analysis can relate the demographic and cultural changes with the economy (Carrer-Neto et al. 2012). Technological factors: Advance technology has brought many changes in the world and it affects the business of Netflix directly. The streaming service of Netflix is now available on smart phones and tablets (Demski 2012). Environmental factors: Each company should be aware about the surrounding environment and be careful to protect the environment (Shehabi et al. 2014). Legal factors: To operate a business it is necessary to know about the laws that are controlling the environment of business. If the management of a company has proper knowledge about business laws then the business can run without any difficulties. SWOT analysis Strengths: Netflix has grown its streaming subscription business domestically and as well as internationally. This service is available on all the advance devices like smart TV, smart phones, and tablets and the contents are increasing (Bauman et al. 2013). Weakness: The domestic DVD by mail service had declined so in July 2011 Netflix separated the streaming business from the DVD by mail service. The subscribers of DVD service has decreased and now these two business are operating totally separate (Ekstrand and Riedl 2012). Opportunities: Netflix started its international streaming business in Canada in 2010 and later on it spread its business in Latin American, Caribbean, and European markets. The company also spread its business in France, Australia, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg and Switzerland. The growth of business is continuing and now the streaming business is spread all over the world (Davenport and Patil 2012). Threats: There are present multiple entertainment providers in the world. In the international market Netflix has few competitors such as Amazon.com, several cable channels etc. Amazon prime are offering many physical items and also streaming service in several countries (Griffey 2012). In 2015 HBO announced that HBOGO was available without Television subscription (Murray et al. 2012). CBS network also announced to show streaming videos by subscription. Netflix is not only a movie rental service, it is a place where people can find the right movie of their choices at any time anywhere. It has six main strategies behind its successful business. All the six strategies are described below. Filling the gap: Hastings had a lot of videos overdue and that created problems for the business. So he came up with a solution that the customers could keep the videos as long as they liked to keep and they had to pay a flat fees per month for the videos. That was very much helpful for the business and the problem was solved. Strategic partnership: Netflix made a partnership with Apple. The users can directly signup for Netflix through their Apple TV set-top box and they can pay the subscription fees through their iTunes account. Now Netflix can access the large customer base of Apple and Apple can provide the service to their customers in a convenient way. So this partnership is profitable for both the organizations. Be prepared: Always be prepared for the changing situation of the environment. The business of the Netflix has been shifted from DVD by mailing to streaming. Depending upon the demand of the people and technological changes Netflix decided to change their business. They separated their streaming business from the DVD by mail business. Now they are operating the streaming business and the DVD by mail business separately. Recurring income: Netflix is able to give customers the exact think what they want. So the customers are keep subscribing streaming service. As a result when the subscription price was increased $1 per month, it did not leave any bad impression on the customers and the company increased their income easily. Netflix provides a great product to the customers so the customers are willing to pay a little bit of extra money for the product. Learning from others: Sometimes learning from the mistakes of others become helpful to run a business successfully. Reed Hastings learned from the mistakes of ALO. ALO adopted slow with the development of broadband and as a result they had suffered and the business became slow. But the mistake was not repeated by Netflix and they adopted in the changing environment. Learning through experience is a great thing but sometimes observe the mistakes of others become a process of learning. Value for the customers: Customers are the main importance for the success of any business. Netflix gives attention on customer needs. They always satisfy the customer needs and give customers what they really want. The recommendation engine of Netflix id very good to predict what type of movies the people like most. The movies which are added to the subscribers, among them 60% movies come from recommendation. Thats why the customers always get their favourite movies on Netflix. This is the main point of success of the business. Current performance After a four year absence Netflix again appeared on Fortunes Worlds most admired top 50 All-stars list in the year 2016 (Albarran 2016). The company got back its position again because of its innovations and stellar stock performance. In March 2016 the stock price of Netflix had increased 19% than February. It got 19th rank among the worlds most admire companies in 2016. Though Amazon and Hulu have the similar services but they were owned by other business houses, so their value become muddy. Netflix has 45million subscribers so the business in US is very mature. In the year 2016 Netflix invested $5 billion to create 30 new series of the business. Mark Mahaney, an analyst of RBC capital said that though internationally it has 30million viewers it is still deep in investment mode. Before increasing the rate $1 per month they have to invest to serve a good quality service to the customers. According to mahaney in japan only 1% people had used the streaming service and 57% people are no t willing to pay for streaming contentThe membership is also increased 30% than previous years. Domestic subscribers are reached to 60 to 90 million and based on these domestic users Netflixs net income is $2 billion, DVD by mail is not included within it. In the year 2015 Netflix had 4.5 million subscribers and among them 1.8 million were in US and 2.25 million worldwide. In January 2016 the subscribers were increased to 74.8 million and on March it was increased more 6.1 million. Netflix has 50 million members in 40 countries. Amazon and Hulu Plus are the main competitors of Netflix but Netflix possesses 36% of market share and Amazon possesses only 13% and Hulu Plus possesses 6.5%. Hulu Plus is owned by 21st Century Fox, the Walt Disney Co. and NBC universal. So the lack of clear direction can be observed in Hulu Plus. Apart from this Hulu Plus comes with various ads. Many people are not willing to watch ads, they become irritated. Programming cost is the main threat to the organ ization. Netflix spends $2 million for per episode of The Blacklist and also spends $1.35 million for per episode of The walking Dead. To serve better quality of programmes to the customers Netflix spend a lot of money. Another concern is cash flow, which was negative $749 million in 2015. So the people are more attracted to the streaming service of Netflix. Now a days smart phones are grabbing the market, every persons are possessing smart phones. On android phones and as well as on iPhones the Netflix app is available, so the people become familiar to Netflix streaming service. The table below is showing the annual growth of Netflix of past 3years: Netflix 2013 2014 2015 Revenue $4.4 billion $5.5 billion $6.8 billion Income $112 million $267 million $123 million Future of Netflix Whenever people think about Netflix, they think about online movie and TV shows like Stranger Things, Narcos etc. The streaming video service is evolving and the focus is also changing day by day. Technology is upgrading, internet speed is also developing and with the change of technology streaming video service is also changing. Netflix is planning to launch 20 unscripted, which is like reality TV show, in the year 2017. Ultimate Beastmaster is one of this category which is created by famous actor Sylvester Stallone, executive producer of a reality show named The Biggest Looser. Many athletes and hosts from six different countries are going to feature in this show, the countries are South Korea, U.S., Brazil, Mexico, Germany, and Japan. According to Ted Sarandos, the chief content officer, Netflix is a company that wants to do business in foreign market. The streaming service is running worldwide and there is an opportunity that in future this business will grow more internationally . Netflix has spread the business more than 190 countries and it will grow spontaneously in future. Unscripted Television is a very interesting and entertaining thing. According to Variety Magazine for this show the maker and participants have to travel throughout the world. The hosts of this show have been taking from different countries. Now Amazon streaming service is being spread over 200 countries and the people are started to accept it so Netflix has to be careful about the future competition level with Amazon. Though the market share of Amazon is lower than Netflix but in this changing environment it is difficult for everyone to predict the future perfectly. One of the strategy of Netflix is to learn from the mistakes of others so Netflix has to keep eye on the activity of Amazon and try to learn more and more things to improve the business in future. Netflix is also planning to invest more on their original movies, that means more movies will come which will be made by Netfl ix studio because in the previous years the movies made by Netflix studio got big success. Conclusion Netflix made a deal with Disney, so Netflix got permission to broadcast Disney movies through streaming service. In 2017 Netflix is also planning to broadcast many internationally blockbuster movies like Captain America: Civil War. Many blockbuster movies are running on Netflix such as Atonement, A Single Man, A Teacher and Amelie, At the Devils Door etc. (Maahs and Pratt 2017). So it can be said easily that in future Netflix is going to be one of the best part of entertainment. It has seen that Netflix can compete with its competitors because of PESTEL analysis and a well-defined strategy. The success of Netflix in the rental market is offering a great path to other companies to get success in this field. References Adhikari, V.K., Guo, Y., Hao, F., Varvello, M., Hilt, V., Steiner, M. and Zhang, Z.L., 2012, March. Unreeling netflix: Understanding and improving multi-cdn movie delivery. InINFOCOM, 2012 Proceedings IEEE(pp. 1620-1628). IEEE. Albarran, A.B., 2016.The media economy. Routledge. Bauman, L., Deal, N., Ishak, P. and Johnson, S., 2013. Netflix Environmental Scan/SWOT Analysis.Retrieved April,22, p.2013. Carrer-Neto, W., Hernndez-Alcaraz, M.L., Valencia-Garca, R. and Garca-Snchez, F., 2012. Social knowledge-based recommender system. Application to the movies domain.Expert Systems with applications,39(12), pp.10990-11000. Chen, H., Chiang, R.H. and Storey, V.C., 2012. Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact.MIS quarterly,36(4), pp.1165-1188. Davenport, T.H. and Patil, D.J., 2012. Data scientist.Harvard business review,90(5), pp.70-76. Demski, J., 2012. This Time It's Personal: True Student-Centered Learning Has a Lot of Support from Education Leaders, but It Can't Really Happen without All the Right Technology Infrastructure to Drive It. and the Technology Just May Be Ready to Deliver on Its Promise.THE Journal (Technological Horizons In Education),39(1), p.32. Eesley, C.E. and Miller, W.F., 2012. Stanford Universitys economic impact via innovation and entrepreneurship. Ekstrand, M. and Riedl, J., 2012, September. When recommenders fail: predicting recommender failure for algorithm selection and combination. InProceedings of the sixth ACM conference on Recommender systems(pp. 233-236). ACM. Fernndez-Manzano, E.P., Neira, E. and Clares-Gaviln, J., 2016. Data management in audiovisual business: Netflix as a case study.El profesional de la informacin (EPI),25(4), pp.568-576. Griffey, J., 2012. E-readers now, e-readers forever!.Library Technology Reports,48(3), p.14. Hallinan, B. and Striphas, T., 2016. Recommended for you: The Netflix Prize and the production of algorithmic culture.new media society,18(1), pp.117-137. Jain, A.K. and Shanbhag, D., 2012. Addressing security and privacy risks in mobile applications.IT Professional,14(5), pp.28-33. Jenner, M., 2016. Is this TVIV? On Netflix, TVIII and binge-watching.New media society,18(2), pp.257-273. Lsted, M.A., 2012.Netflix: The Company and Its Founders EBook. ABDO. Maahs, J. and Pratt, T.C., 2017. I Hate These Little Turds!: Science, Entertainment, and the Enduring Popularity of Scared Straight Programs.Deviant Behavior,38(1), pp.47-60. McCord, P., 2014. How netflix reinvented HR.Harvard Business Review,92(1), pp.70-76. Murray, J., Goldenberg, S., Agarwal, K., Chakravorty, T., Cutrell, J., Doris-Down, A. and Kothandaraman, H., 2012, July. Story-map: iPad companion for long form TV narratives. InProceedings of the 10th European conference on Interactive tv and video(pp. 223-226). ACM. Niu, D., Feng, C. and Li, B., 2012, March. A theory of cloud bandwidth pricing for video-on-demand providers. InINFOCOM, 2012 Proceedings IEEE(pp. 711-719). IEEE. Ojer, T. and Capap, E., 2013. Netflix: A new business model in the distribution of audiovisual content.Journalism and mass communicafion,3(9), pp.575-584. 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Youth Criminal Action in Canada free essay sample

There has been a significant increase in criminal activity among youth in Canada, in recent years, threatening the safety of future generations. People are beginning to recognize this fact and are concerned whether or not the justice system will be able to protect them from the rise in crime. The justice system utilizes many resources to correct criminal behaviors in the youth of today. Strain on the courts and corrections divisions of the justice system have been amplified directly resulting from these youth offenses causing a greater need for probation officers, rehabilitation and correction centers, school resource officers and extracurricular activities such as sports or specialized programs that keep youth off the streets. What types of crimes are being committed by youth and why are they committing these crimes? Do they realize the effect that their actions have on the victims and their families? What consequences are there for their actions and how can society deter youth from participating in criminal activity? How has Canada’s youth justice system changed over the years and more importantly how effective is the criminal justice system in assisting youth criminals enlisted to their care programs? The youth of today are the future of tomorrow. We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Criminal Action in Canada or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In order for our children and grandchildren to live in a safe and secure society, we must examine the resources that we currently have in place, and make extensive efforts to reduce criminal activity in Canadian youth now. The types of crimes committed by youth have been becoming more serious over the last 50 years in Canada. Children have been known for petty crimes, such as shoplifting a candy bar or a soda, but crimes have become much more extreme in recent years. Although murder, aggravated assault and sexual assault are a smaller portion of youth crime, it is still a huge scare to society. How can people feel secure in their communities if there are fifteen year old killers and rapists skulking about? According to Canadian court statistics, the youth crime rate rose dramatically, between the years of 1984 and 1991. These crimes were mainly property offenses such as breaking and entering, vandalism and graffiti. Other charges include sexual, physical and verbal harassment. The average annual increase in the rate of youth charged with violent incidents was 11% between 1986 and 1994, while the rate of youth charged with property crimes dropped 2% for the same period of time. From 1996 to 2000, the percentage of violent crimes involving youth was 16 percent while the percentage of property offenses involving youth was 30 percent. An alarming fact is that the Canadian youth homicide rate is higher than that of many other countries. Victims of violent crimes are almost always committed by youths against other youths. On an evening in November, 1997, a 14 year old girl, Reena Virk, was beaten severely by peers of the same age in British Columbia. Later that night, two other teens found her and killed her. The trial for the assailants ended up in multiple assault charges, as well as two second-degree murder charges for two of the attackers when they were arrested later in November of 1997. This is an example of just how severe criminal actions in youth have become. Adolescents who on their own would not usually engage in violent activities become involved with gangs who commit these kinds of crimes. Often times, a new gang member must perform a criminal act of initiation to prove their worthiness to be a gang member. Once they are a member of the gang, they would be willing to commit many more criminal actions, escalating to drug trafficking, assaults and theft along with many other summary and indictable offenses. Based on the previous information criminal activity has been on the rise in young offenders, both in numbers and severity, in recent years in Canada. There is a lot of attention paid to the types of crimes being committed by youths, but not many people ever ask why they perpetrate crimes. During early adolescence, many young people break the law, due to the fact that they lack self confidence or they have a lack of respect for property, as well as other people. Adolescents who were abused or neglected as children are prone to violent behaviour. A study of over 3000 10 and 11 year old Canadian children revealed that aggressive children are more likely than other children to feel unhappy, rejected and have a negative self-image. Very aggressive children are more likely than other children to be bullied and have negative relationships with friends, parents and teachers. Some youths break the law just because they don’t have anything productive to do. Others are just young and naive, and make irrational decisions, resulting in mistakes. Parental conflict, spousal abuse, parents who are involved in criminal activity or who abuse alcohol or drugs can negatively affect a youth’s respect for the law. If a child is growing up in a home where his father abuses himself and his mother, he is bound to believe that this is normal and beat up his peers at school. I recall being in school with another boy who used to constantly pick fights with other students on a daily basis. Later I found out that he was in a home with an abusive father. Also, both of his parents were drug and alcohol users, so eventually he was relocated to live with his uncle in another city. Youths who leave home and live on the streets are more likely to commit crimes. Another very big reason youths are delinquent is peer pressure. A child’s behaviour can sometimes change when they’re with friends. A perfect example of this can be referenced from my childhood. I had one friend that I would often cause havoc with around the neighborhood. When apart from him I would not misbehave the way that we would when we were together. At one point we harassed a young man at his home by disturbing his dog, yard and vehicles. His response was to chase us down the street. He caught up to my friend and assaulted him, which resulted in charges being laid against the man, as well as fines for myself and my friend. Our foolish actions were directly related to our dares and bets against each other on who could do something funnier. Even more influential on young people than friends are gangs. Gangs will often recruit young people in the school systems because they have direct access to other young people who are openly vulnerable to trying drugs. Youth are also much easier to convince to join a gang than adults are. Many drug pushers use young kids on street corners, or near playgrounds and other inconspicuous locations, to do deals for them, as a kid will not get the same sentence as an adult would for selling and trafficking drugs. As well, it is easier to instill fear in a kid than it is in an adult. If the kid did get caught, he wouldn’t divulge any names of gang members to the police, for fear of retribution. It is easier to be empathetic for troubled adolescents when we understand the reasons behind their law breaking behavior. We also sympathize with the victims of crimes and their families. Science says that every action has an equal and opposite reaction which is true when dealing with criminal activities; in this case it is the effects on the victims. If a kid breaks a window, the owner of the property has to pay to have the window replaced. The same rule would apply to any other crime, but the effects are not always so minor. Many victims or other family members associated with the victim may need to seek professional help, like a psychiatrist, to help them get over the traumatic incident they have recently experienced. Referring back to the Reena Virk killing of 1997, when she was beaten to death by her peers, her death was not simply the end of the story. Her family would have grieved her loss. Her father wrote a book about his life and his family involving the things they used to do leading up to the time of her murder. He said writing the novel helped him to recover from the loss. The murder trials dragged out for almost 10 years before the accused killer was found guilty after 3 trials. It must be unimaginable and unbearable to lose a child in this way. Not only is the victim harmed when someone commits an offence against them, but everyone in society is affected in some way. People will feel threatened until the perpetrator is brought to justice and placed in a corrections institution away from the public. Restorative Justice Programs, also known as Alternative Justice Programs, are an alternative to incarceration uniting victims, offenders and the community. Different from traditional approaches, these programs focus on using joint problem solving to deal with the harmful effects of crime, holding the offenders accountable for their crimes and giving them opportunity to make amends. One of the 3 types of Restorative Justice Programs is Victim-Offender Mediation. This program involves the victim, the offender and a mediator who try to come to an agreement on appropriate payment and/or services for the offence. Secondly, there is Family Group Conferencing involving the victim, offender, family members, community support groups, police officers, social welfare officials and lawyers. The offender and his/her family discuss restitution privately before presenting it as an offer. Thirdly, Victim-Offender Panels provide opportunity for closure. Victims and offenders, linked by similar crimes, express their feelings about the offence, with a moderator issuing guidelines. This program is useful where victims and offenders refuse to meet or are unable to meet. Both offenders and victims suffer when crimes are committed. When young people break the law they may be punished in several different ways. The judge will weigh the facts presented in each case to decide what kind of retribution is appropriate for each situation. The main goal of sentencing is to protect the public, including protection of the person, their property and their individual rights and freedoms. Retribution satisfies the public that the offender has paid for the crime and discourages people from committing crimes. The principles for sentencing young people are set out in Section 38 of the Youth Criminal Justice Act. A young person will be held accountable by imposing a fair and meaningful sentence. The sentence will help in the process of their rehabilitation, directly proportionate to the crime that they have committed, and cannot be greater than the sentence an adult would be given for an identical crime. The usual sentence does not exceed 2 years. Serious criminal offences will last up to 3 years, 1st degree murder can be up to 10 years and 2nd degree murder can be to a maximum of 7 years. Sometimes rehabilitation will be imposed on an offender, to treat problems that interfere with the offender’s ability to function in society, for example medical treatment for drug/alcohol dependency. Restitution requires offenders to pay society back for the injury, loss and suffering they caused by performing community service or paying a fine. A fine is a specific amount of money paid to the court by the offender as punishment for a crime that has a minimum sentence of imprisonment and a maximum prison term of less than 5 years. Failing to pay the fine may result in a prison term. Probation is another sentence allowing a convicted offender to live in the community under close supervision and subject to certain restrictions. Probation can be in addition to or in replacement of a prison term. Most of the time the probation officers will assign curfews, set mandatory one-on-one meetings regularly with their subjects, require the youths to attend school for every class and appear in court if they are required to. Also, probation officers could confine the youths to a designated area, like from school to home, and could require them to perform community service work. In some rare cases subjects will be confined to their own houses. Leaving a certain perimeter would be considered breaching the probation rules. More serious offences would require a young offender to be placed in open custody in a group home or wilderness camp, where the youth would still attend school, have a curfew, attend meals and do chores. Being put into a youth correctional facility under secure custody is reserved for serious and repeat offenders, and is often seen as a last resort for more extreme crimes, as it prevents youth from being with their families and attending school. Most facilities have education, counseling and recreation but this varies from place to place. Finally, strict discipline facilities referred to as boot camps are physically demanding and tightly supervised. 2/3rds of the sentence is served in custody and the last 1/3rd of the sentence is served in the community under supervision. The above-mentioned methods of punishing youth for their crimes should deter them from breaking the law. It is very difficult to interpret how efficiently we deal with young offenders in today’s society without looking into the past. At one point in time in Canada, children at the age of 7 and over could be tried as adults. Reformers believed that children lacked the maturity and judgment to take full responsibility for their actions and needed to be handled differently than adults. They also claimed that with proper guidance children could be rehabilitated more easily than adults. In 1908 the Juvenile Delinquents Act came into effect in Canada stating that youth offenders will be treated as misdirected children rather than criminals. This is when the justice system began sending them to custody facilities like training schools where they would be given disciplinary and vocational lessons. In the 1970’s, many Canadians thought the welfare approach was not working any longer, as there was a very high rate of recidivism in juvenile offenders released from these schools. Judges and police had considerable power in deciding how children who broke the law would be treated. The upper age limit of an offender was 16 to 18 years of age and this varied from province to province. A 17 year old offender could be tried as an adult in one province and a juvenile in another. The Act did not recognize the legal rights of youths which were heavily advocated with the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982. Then in 1984 Canadian law was refined again and the Young Offenders Act came into being. Very significant changes were made to the way we dealt with youths. The minimum age was changed from 7 to 12 and the maximum age was extended to 18 in all provinces. Youths were still being held accountable for their criminal acts but to a lesser degree than adult offenders. Serious charges could land the perpetrator in adult court. Rights of youths according to the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, as well as additional rights for juveniles due to their age and vulnerability, were extended to all Canadian youths. An increase in the number of reported crimes by youths in the early 1990’s brought an outcry from the public for a tougher approach to youths committing violent crimes and repeat offenders. More revisions increased the maximum murder sentence from 3 years to 10 years for minors. Many organizations and political figures continued to lobby the federal government for tougher legislation in the mid 1990’s. The result was the passing of the Youth Criminal Justice Act in 2002 which came into effect in 2003. Under this Act, children under 12 who break the law or commit serious crimes cannot be held criminally responsible, as they are incapable of understanding the nature and consequences of a criminal act, and are to be dealt with by their parents or according to the provincial or territorial welfare and mental health laws. It concentrates on conditions underlying a youth’s behavior and focuses on measures that will attempt to rehabilitate the youth and makes the sentence match the crime. For young people committing minor crimes measures other than custody are to be considered. In the past, youths would be separated from society to try to correct their behaviors, but now members of the youth’s family, the victim, youth workers and members of the community become involved in the process. However, adult sentences can still be imposed for murder, attempted murder, manslaughter, aggravated sexual assault and repeat serious offences. Furthermore, the identities of youth offenders and any other youths involved in the trial will not be published during the trial to ensure that the rehabilitation of the youth will not be hindered in any way. Only after the youth is sentenced can the name of the youth be disclosed. In addition, the law now protects youth from making false confessions, as they have a right to have a lawyer present during questioning and to consult a parent or guardian. No oral or written statement made by a person less than 18 years of age is admissible in court unless the statement was voluntary. Children, who broke the law before the Youth Criminal Justice Act came into effect, were treated much differently than they are today. All the changes made to the Canadian youth justice system over the years are meaningless unless the public has confidence in the system and the reduction of crime is evident. The Canadian approach is to heavily incarcerate violent, high risk criminals and find alternatives to incarceration for low-risk, non-violent offenders. It is more difficult for youths to be incarcerated under the new act because numerous studies have shown that rehabilitation of youths occurs best while they are still involved in the community. It is theory versus reality; it gives them a chance to see how to correct what they have done wrong rather than to just be told what is correct. Troubled youths already feel rejected by parents, teachers and peers. When the state imprisons them, they feel as if they are being abandoned and rejected by the state as well, leading to further anger and disparity in these youths. Placing kids in detention centers can be disruptive as they are prevented from attending school and being with family. These centers can also be dirty, overcrowded and have little or no planned activities. As well, the cost for correctional facilities is extremely high. Prison is the most expensive but the toughest penalty for offenders. Federal and provincial systems cost $2 billion annually. One offender in a provincial in a federal prison for 365 days costs nearly $55,000 annually, $26,000 yearly for a half-way house and $12,000 for supervision of an inmate on parole. These numbers can be put into perspective. There are 120 incarcerated individuals for every 100,000 Canadians. There is no conclusive evidence to show that prison has a deterrent effect, reduces crime, or reduces the rate of recidivism. The goal of all rehabilitation programs for youths is to correct their behavior by breaking the cycle. Breaking the cycle of their behavior will successfully set them on the right path in their lives so they can be better people, but how difficult is this to accomplish? Recidivism is defined by offenders recommitting crimes within 5 years of their release from their last rehabilitation program. Programs that match the treatment to the offender’s needs have been shown to reduce recidivism rates by 50% on average. Incarceration is only a way to fix a problem temporarily. When people are jailed for life sentences they become reliant on the system and need the system to supply their basic needs. This is because they become institutionalized, meaning they only know how to live with the prison telling them what to do. Inmates who were released after life sentences would often recommit crimes just to have a safe place to sleep at night, because they cannot support themselves- they do not know how. The Youth Offenders Act gives juveniles extra-judicial sanctions. These community-based programs give the youth a chance to make amends for the crime committed instead of going to court. For example, if a youth was caught vandalizing a park, the youth would be required to plant flowers or rake leaves in a public park for a designated number of hours per week as retribution. According to many professionals who work with youths, this type of program helps reduce the rate of recidivism, which benefits society in the long run. Next, studies indicate that Restorative Justice Programs, discussed previously, benefit both victims and offenders, reduces fear and anxiety among victims and decreases incidence of criminal behavior. Also, these programs ease the backlog in the courts, lower court and prison costs and keep offenders away from the negative influence of hardened criminals in prison. In conclusion, a higher percentage of Canadians are satisfied than dissatisfied with the justice system. International comparisons have shown that the levels of public confidence in criminal justice are higher in Canada than in many other countries and as stated in a review of the criminal courts in England and Wales â€Å"public confidence is not so much an aim of a good criminal justice system, but a consequence of it† (Auld 2001:18).